Interested in herbal medicine side effects and how to use medicinal herbs safely? Continue reading and find out.
Herbal medicine has been used for centuries to promote health and treat various ailments, but even natural remedies come with potential risks. Understanding the side effects and proper precautions for commonly used medicinal herbs is essential for safe usage. In this article, we’ll explore 14 popular herbal remedies, their possible side effects, and tips to use them safely.
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Herbal Medicine Side Effects: 15 Medicinal Herbs Safety and Precautions
1. Arnica
(Arnica montana)
Arnica (salve/tincture/oil) should not be applied directly to open or bleeding wounds. It may cause allergic rashes in sensitive individuals or with prolonged use. Avoid using arnica during pregnancy.
2. Chamomile
(Chamomila matricaria)
Chamomile contains natural anticoagulant properties and should be used cautiously by individuals with blood clotting disorders or those on anticoagulant medications. Chamomile is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
3. Dandelion
(Taraxacum officinalis)
Dandelion leaf is not recommended when suffering from bile duct obstructions, gastric hyperacidity, or hypersensitivity to this plant. Do not drink dandelion leaf tea continuously for longer than 3 months. If you still need to continue drinking the tea, you can resume after a one-month break. Dandelion leaf tea can be consumed during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
4. Echinacea
(Echinacea augustifolia)
Echinacea is not recommended while following cancer treatments, or using anxiolytics, immunosuppressants, and cholesterol-lowering drugs. Some potential side effects of echinacea include mild stomach discomfort, nausea, or vomiting. Should not be used by individuals who are allergic to plants in the chrysanthemum, and asteraceae (composite) families. To be used for eight weeks followed by a pause. Women can drink 2–3 cups of echinacea tea per day for up to two weeks, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
5. Elderberry
(Sambucus nigra)
Elder bark, leaves, and unripe berries can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea in some cases. Only consume elderberries when they are fully ripe or cooked. Other potential side effects are heartburn, throat inflammation, and breathing difficulties when consumed in high doses. Elderflower tea is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
6. Ginkgo Biloba
In rare cases, Ginkgo Biloba may cause headaches, stomach discomfort, agitation, or irritability. It should not be combined with antidepressants, aspirin, NSAIDs, or blood thinners. High doses (over 240 mg of concentrated extract) may lead to rashes, diarrhea, or vomiting. Consult a doctor before using Ginkgo Biloba during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
7. Ginseng
(Panax ginseng)
Consult a healthcare provider before using Asian Ginseng if you suffer from heart problems, high blood pressure, or anxiety. It may cause insomnia, diarrhea, headaches, nervousness, or increased blood pressure. It can sometimes lead to menstrual bleeding in menopausal women. Avoid using it with other stimulants or caffeine, and do not use it if you have a fever or edema. Ginseng is contraindicated during pregnancy.
8. Hops
(Humulus lupus)
Hops is not recommended for men with pronounced signs of feminization, such as excessive fat accumulation, gynecomastia, or cellulite. Additionally, hops should not be given to adolescent boys or pubescent males who are overweight or exhibit similar feminization symptoms. Hops should not be used by individuals suffering from depression. Occasionally, it can cause skin rashes, so use it with caution. Hops should be used by pregnant women with caution and only under the supervision of a healthcare specialist.
9. Nettle
(Urtica dioica)
Fresh nettle is not recommended for individuals with thrombosis, especially those on anticoagulant medication, as its high vitamin K content can increase blood clotting speed. However, dried nettle can be safely used in such cases. It may cause mild stomach discomfort or skin reactions in some cases. Nettle root should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding, but nettle leaf is safe in both cases.
10. Peppermint
(Mentha piperita)
Peppermint may relax the esophageal sphincter, increasing the risk of heartburn, hence use it with caution if you have acid reflux or gastric issues. In some cases, peppermint (particularly peppermint essential oil) may cause allergic reactions. It should be introduced in very small doses initially, and symptoms closely monitored for 24 hours. If you experience skin itching, gum inflammation, mouth irritation, stomach pain, abdominal cramps, irregular heartbeat, headaches, and dizziness, discontinue use immediately. Peppermint tea is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
11. Rosemary
(Rosmarinus officinalis)
In high doses, rosemary may cause heavy menstrual bleeding and is contraindicated during pregnancy, but can be used during breastfeeding. Rosemary leaf is not recommended during pregnancy but can be used while breastfeeding. Rosemary essential oil is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
12. Thyme
(Thymus vulgaris)
Patients with gastric ulcers and hyperacidic gastritis should use this plant in small doses, discontinuing the treatment immediately if signs of worsening occur. Thyme tea is not recommended during pregnancy but can be used while breastfeeding. Thyme essential oil is not recommended for individuals with neurological conditions (such as epilepsy) or heart conditions (such as hypertension) under any form of use. It is also not recommended internally when suffering from gastro-duodenal ulcers, or gastritis. Thyme essential oil is not recommended for internal use during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or for children under 7 years of age.
13. Valerian
(Valeriana officinalis)
Valerian should not be used alongside sedatives (e.g., diazepam) or sleeping pills as it may enhance the sedative effect of barbiturates. It can also impair the reflexes of drivers and individuals operating machinery. Therefore, it should not be consumed in these situations.
In high doses, valerian can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, lack of concentration and coordination, headaches, as well as slower reaction times, decision-making, and reduced focus. Discontinue use if you experience palpitations, irritability, headaches, or insomnia.
To counteract these symptoms, one can use St. John’s Wort, as it maintains the calming effects of valerian, while also having an invigorating action. Avoid alcohol while using valerian root. Valerian root is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
14. Willow Bark
(Salix alba)
Willow bark is not recommended for individuals who are allergic to aspirin or taking anticoagulants. It may trigger asthma attacks, stomach bleeding, liver or kidney issues, or even anaphylactic shock. It can interact with sedatives and irritate the stomach when combined with alcohol. Willow bark is safe to use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
15. Yarrow
(Achillea millefolium)
In rare cases, handling yarrow flowers can cause skin rashes. Large doses, yarrow may lead to headaches, dizziness, or photosensitivity. Avoid sun exposure after using it. Yarrow is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
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While herbal medicine offers many benefits, it’s crucial to approach it with knowledge and care. By being aware of potential side effects or interactions and following safety precautions, you can make informed choices about incorporating these remedies into your wellness routine. Always consult a healthcare professional before using herbal treatments, especially if you have existing health conditions or take other medications.
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